requestId:684aed9a164524.64081018.
The dilemma and Zhang Li of Confucianism
Author: Zhang Xiping (Dean of the Advanced Research Institute for Comparative Civilization and Humanities and Transportation in Beijing Foreign Languages)
Source: Beijing Administrative Academy Newspaper” 2020 Issue 1
Time: Confucius was in the 2570s Geng The fourth day of the middle of the spring, Ji Hai
As Lima Talking further deepened his understanding of Confucianism, and at the same time, in order to better educate China, Lima Talking made a Confucian non-religious judgment, which had a major impact in Eastern society. Although it did not attract more attention in China at that time, it still had the meaning of academic history from a longer scope. Lima knew the stage of the development of Confucianism, determined to be “first Confucianism” and criticized “last Confucianism”, but did not see the continuous development of Confucianism in China, nor did it see the relationship between the rupture and the continuous development of Confucianism in China, and realized the inner strength of Confucianism in Lima.
Keywords:Lima Confucianism; Confucianism is not religious; Combined with Confucianism and Buddhism
Chinese Graphic Category Number:K2483
Writing Code:A
Article number:1008-7621(2020)01-0119-10
In the dream, the heroine has achieved good results in every topic, and Ye Qiu, who has the lowest success
Before the late Qing Dynasty, Christianity entered China three times, representing the Nestorianism of the Tang Dynasty, the God of the Yuan Dynasty[1], and the God of the late Ming Dynasty[2]. Among them, the advanced Jesus, represented by Matteo Ricci (1552-1610) in the late Ming Dynasty, would most effectively deal with the relationship between Chinese civilization and Christian civilization. The line of Comprehension that Limashita developed not only had a serious impact on the Ming and Qing dynasties[3], but also had a major impact on the development of Christian religion in the late Qing Dynasty and even tomorrow. At the same time, Limashita’s Comprehension adaptation policy was also the most important in Eastern civilization.Civilized inheritance. Especially at the moment when China returns to the middle of the world dance tomorrow, how to understand a civilized China, absorb the fairness of Rima Confucianism, and summarize its theoretical internal dilemma, has a relatively large inspiration for both China and the Oriental Confucian civilization. 1. Lema talks about Confucian non-religiousness and its evaluation (I) Lema talks about Confucian non-religiousness at the beginning of religion, Lema talks about Confucian non-religiousness according to its own body of religion, and lists some characteristics of Confucianism as a religion. Lima believes that idol reverence is the basic feature of religion. Although Confucianism does not have idol reverence, it also has its own divine spirit. “Confucianism does not have idols, but only worships heaven and earth, or emperor heaven and heaven. He seems to be in charge of and maintaining all things in the world. They also pay homage to other gods, but they do not give these gods the power of the heavenly emperor.”①.
The origin of the world and the rebuke of religion are questions that any strict religion must ask. The bottom of the difference shows the understanding of the world in the late stages of the divergent civilization represented by divergent religions. Lima said that although Confucianism does not talk about creation, it also talks about response and warning, and its focus is on the present. True Confucianism never talks about when the world was created, nor does it mention who it was created, nor does it discuss what the world originated from. The reason why Rima Tsai emphasized true Confucianism was because he believed that some unnamed Confucians were extremely vain and could do so, regardless of their impact.
“It is said in Confucianism that good people and bad people will receive rewards from God, but what they consider at most is the present world. Trust these reports should be treated as those who do good deeds or act evil, or those who are now in their descendants”②. The coming of the world and the soul are the basic content of Christian theology. Lima saw the Confucian world talking about the soul, but without the earthly zodiac sign or earthly zodiac sign.
“The predecessors of China seem to have no doubt about the saying of the soullessness, and even believed that people could survive in heaven for many years after their death, but they did not say who should go to the earthly destiny. People now believe that after their death, the soul will disappear completely, and they do not trust what earthly destiny and earthly destiny will be in another world”③.
Mumorial service is the main religious activity of Christianity, and churches and priests are the basic guarantees for supporting believers to carry out worship activities. Lima saw that Confucianism had neither church nor professional divine staff.
“Although Confucianism recognizes the name of the Emperor of Heaven, it does not build a building for it, nor does it have a place for worship, so there are no priests, no divine personnel, no strict rituals for the masters to watch, nor any of them have a 号。电影院网全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全全�Doctrine, rule against religion. Therefore, Confucianism never reads the essays, whether collectively or individually, “④.
In Lima’s opinion, Confucianism itself has a distinctive activity of worshiping ancestors and worshiping Confucius. These two memorial activities of Confucianism were grand, expressing their respect and admiration for ancestors and saints, but at the same time, this activity included concern for the present. Therefore, he believed that This is a custom, belonging to a secular worldly activity. From the emperor to the common people, the grandest activity of Confucianism is to worship the deceased ancestors at some fixed time every year, offering meat, fruit, nose and twig (the people who slaughtered them with paper). They believe this is a respect for their ancestors, so they say, “Things are like things that die.” “. They do not believe that the dead will enjoy or need these, but they say this is because they do not understand any other way to express their love and gratitude to their ancestors. Some have also told us that it is better to say that it is for the living, that is, to teach their children and those who are ignorant to respect and nourish their living parents , let people see that the ancestors who served their past lives are still the same as those of their ancestors. But no matter what, the Chinese do not think that these deceased are God and do not ask for anything from the deceased. It does not mean what the ancestors do for them. This is completely different from any idol reverence, or perhaps it can be said that this most basic is not science. ⑤
Lima said that the Confucian temple itself is Kong’s, which must be established in every city. The location is in the palace. Its architecture is very beautiful, and the yamen in charge of scholars and officials are adjacent to it.
The most prominent position in Kong’s temple is the clay statue of Confucius, or perhaps a refined tablet, with his name written in golden characters below, and his two sides are his The clay statues or tablets of the seventy-two door students were also regarded as holy gifts. In Confucius, on the first and fifteenth day of each month, officials and scholars in the city would come to worship the New Year, light up the stalks, and sacrifice to him grandly for his teachings for future generations. Through the study of these teachings, people can obtain official positions and fame. They neither read essays , do not pray to Confucius, just like when worshiping ancestors. ⑥
Any religion must have its own doctrine, expressing its respect for the gods and the provisions of the teachings. The doctrine has shown the focus of every religious worship. Lima saw its ethical similarity to Christianity in Confucianism.
Confucianism The main theme of family education is the peace of the country, family harmony, and everyone follows the rules and adheres to themselves. In these aspects, their initiatives are quite correct, complete and natural sensibility and the truth of God’s religion. They value the “five ranks”, and they say that this is the relationship between father and son, husband and wife, monarch and minister, brother and companion. They believe that foreigners do not value these relationships… in ConfucianismIn his works, they clearly point out the theory about “benevolence”, “that is, no matter what, you should do for others if you are willing to do for you.” They also particularly value future generations’ respect for parents and ministers’ loyalty to superiors. ⑦
Lima Talk not only examines whether Confucianism can be a religion from the standpoint of Christian religion, but also f
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